Soil salinity is a phenomenon that reduce fertility, directly impacting the environment and society. In Iraq, Basrah governorate, salinity is a pressing challenge due to its hot desert climate, where summer temperature’s exceed 50° C. Integrating geographic information system (GIS) and remote sensing (RS), researchers can identify high-risk area, monitor temporal changes in salinity, and develop predictive models for agriculture planning and water resource management. Literature review shows that these systems are effective for analyzing salinity in Basrah, providing spatial and temporal understanding that support data-based reclamation plans. However, research gaps remain. Most studies lack temporal updating, relying on satellite data prior to 2015, leaving no updated picture of recent changes despite available high-resolution data. In addition, most focus solely on electrical conductivity (EC) as an indicator, without linking it to the soil's chemical and physical properties. There are no clear attempts to build spatial and temporal predictive models using artificial intelligence or geospatial modeling. Furthermore, the relationship between salinity and hydrological and climatic factors such as groundwater depth, irrigation water quality and evaporation has not been systematically addressed. Research must therefore be intensified, as salinity has long plagued the region and solutions are needed to prevent further exacerbation.